Imagine a microscopic assailant, so small that it requires a microscope to be seen, yet capable of wreaking havoc on human health. This is the reality of tuberculosis (TB), a contagious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. When these bacteria invade our lungs, they relentlessly attack the tissue, leading to a cascade of health issues. If left untreated, a single person with active TB can infect an estimated 10 to 15 individuals, illustrating the enormity of the challenge faced in controlling this ancient scourge.